Yakozwe kugira ngo ikoreshwe na bose

Icyo twiyemeje

Amatsinda y'ubwizigame akunda kugira abanyamuryango bakuze, bafite ibibazo byo kubona neza, ubumuga bw'umubiri, cyangwa bakoresha ibikoresho byihariye byo gufasha — kandi iyi sisitemu isanzwe ifata amakuru ku bumuga bw'abanyamuryango, kubera ko ari ingenzi hano. Uburenganzira bwo kubona ntabwo ari ikintu twongeyeho nyuma; ni ikintu dukora, tugeragezwa, kandi dukomeza kunoza muri porogaramu yose.

Iyi nyandiko isobanura ibisanzwe biriho none, ntabwo ari icyifuzo. Turahitamo kuvuga ukuri no kuba abanyabwenge aho gusezeranya ikintu tutaragenzuye.

Ibisanzwe biriho

• Gukoresha binyuze mu buryo bwuzuye bwa keyboard. Igikorwa cyose — kwinjira, gucukumbura urutonde, kwemeza ubusabe, kuzuza ifishi — gishobora gukorwa nta mouse ikoreshejwe, hamwe n'ikimenyetso kigaragara aho uri buri gihe.
• Ubufasha ku bakoresha porogaramu zisoma ku mugaragaro (screen reader). Ifishi zifite imyanya yasobanuwe neza, imbonerahamwe zifite imitwe yasobanuwe, utubuto dufite ikimenyetso gusa dufite amazina agaragara, kandi utudirishya twinjira tumenyekanishwa neza — atari ugaragara ku maso gusa.
• Ihuza ryo "kujya ku birimo by'ingenzi" kugira ngo abakoresha keyboard cyangwa porogaramu zisoma ku mugaragaro batagomba kunyura ku bipimo byose by'urutonde rw'ibumoso kuri buri paji.
• Itandukaniro ry'amabara rihuye n'ibipimo bya WCAG AA ku nyandiko, utubuto, n'ibimenyetso by'uko bimeze — byagenzuwe hakurikijwe ibipimo by'itandukaniro ry'amabara, ntabwo bygoretswe gusa.
• Uko bimeze ntibishingira ku ibara gusa. "Byarengeje igihe," "Byemejwe," "Bitegereje," n'ibindi bimeze nk'ibyo byerekanwa buri gihe mu nyandiko, ibara rikaba ikimenyetso cya kabiri gusa.
• Iboneka mu Cyongereza, Igifaransa, n'Ikinyarwanda, hamwe n'ururimi rw'ipaji ruhinduka neza kugira ngo porogaramu zisoma ku mugaragaro zikoreshe amategeko yo kuvuga akwiye.
• Kwinjira birinzwe neza. Imyanya y'ijambo ry'ibanga ikora neza n'porogaramu zibika amagambo y'ibanga (koporora no komeka ntibyigera bibujijwe), kandi kwinjira ntibisaba igisubizo cy'ikibazo cyangwa igeragezwa ry'ubwenge nta bindi buryo buhari.
• Ahantu heza ho gukoraho no gukanda ku muntu ufite ibibazo byo gukoresha intoki neza cyangwa ukoresha ecran ikorwaho, ntabwo ari mouse nziza gusa.

Akazi gakomeje

Uburenganzira bwo kubona ni ikintu gikomeza, ntabwo ari urutonde rukorwa rimwe gusa. Ibice tugikorera:

• Kugenzura twifashishije porogaramu nyazo zisoma ku mugaragaro (NVDA, VoiceOver) n'ibikoresho byikora byonyine, birenze ibizamini byacu bwite.
• Ibindi byo gusimbura ibishushanyo — ibishushanyo by'ikibaho bigaragaza uko ibintu byifashe ntibirasimburwa n'inyandiko cyangwa imbonerahamwe ku bakoresha porogaramu zisoma ku mugaragaro.
• Inyemezabwishyu zichapishwa n'amaraporo yakuwe ntibyarasuzumwa mu buryo bw'uburenganzira bwo kubona nk'uko porogaramu igaragara kuri ecran yabigenjwemo.

Wabonye ikibazo?

Niba hari ikintu kuri iyi sisitemu kitakora neza n'porogaramu isoma ku mugaragaro, keyboard, cyangwa ikindi gikoresho cyo gufasha, turashaka kubimenya — ibyo tubona bigira uruhare runini mu byo dukosora nyuma. Nyamuneka vugana n'umuyobozi w'itsinda ryawe, cyangwa uvugane n'ubufasha bwa sisitemu, utanga amakuru arambuye uko bishoboka: ipaji ki, wagerageje gukora iki, n'icyabaye mu mwanya wacyo.